Volume 2 Issue 4 | 2025 | View PDF
Paper Id:IJMSM-V2I4P118
doi: 10.71141/30485037/V2I4P118

Implementation of Maritime Security Policy in the Ambalat Riau-Malaysia Maritime Border Area

Darmawan Wijaksono, Masroro Lilik Ekowanti, M. Husni Tamrin

Citation:
Darmawan Wijaksono, Masroro Lilik Ekowanti, M. Husni Tamrin, "Implementation of Maritime Security Policy in the Ambalat Riau-Malaysia Maritime Border Area" International Journal of Multidisciplinary on Science and Management, Vol. 2, No. 4, pp. 158-171, 2025.

Abstract:
This study aims to analyze the implementation of maritime security policies in the Ambalat maritime border area. Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic country, possessing a vast maritime territory, with a coastline of over 81,000 kilometers. Indonesia's strategic position as a maritime nation located between two continents and two oceans makes it a crucial player in global trade and geopolitical traffic. However, this enormous potential also presents various challenges, particularly in maintaining the sovereignty and security of maritime border areas, including the Ambalat region, which borders directly with Malaysia. This study focuses on a case study of the implementation of maritime security policies in the border area. Using a qualitative approach using a case study method, data were obtained from observations, documentation, and interviews. The results show that the implementation of maritime security policies in the Ambalat maritime border area faces complex challenges from structural, functional, and cultural perspectives. Although Indonesia's claim to the Ambalat Block is supported by a strong legal basis, namely the 1969 Continental Shelf Treaty and the 1982 UNCLOS, its implementation in practice remains suboptimal. The main obstacles include policy objectives that are not yet operationally measurable, limited resources, sectoral egos between agencies without a unified command, and weak coordination and communication between agencies that are not yet integrated in a responsive and real-time manner.

Keywords: Policy Implementation, Maritime Security, Ambalat Maritime Border Area.

References:
1. S. Jerald, “Assistant Professor of Commerce,” Springer-Verlag, 2nd ed., R.M. Osgood, Jr., Ed., Berlin, Germany, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 10–16, 1999.
2. D. Sams, Ed., “The Analysis of Financial Status: Applications to Find the Level of Interest in Raw Materials,” Lecture Notes in Interest, ser., Springer, Berlin, Germany, vol. 72, no. 4, pp. 120–140, 1990.
3. J. Chang and M. Chueng, “A Novel Ultrathin Elevated Channel Low-Temperature Poly-Si TFT,” IEEE Electron Device Letters, vol. 40, no. 7, pp. 473–481, 1993.
4. S. Stuart and C. Fourie, “Economic Analysis on the Tragedy of the Commons of River,” ECOC’00, paper 22, vol. 6, pp. 158–169, 2003.
5. Kara Reynolds, and Luciano Floridi, “Impact and Countermeasures of RMB Appreciation on Export-Based Enterprise,” U.S. Patent 657238, vol. 86, no. 7, pp. 98–106, 1998.
6. T. Husted, “The Study of German Retail Business,” Patent 35964, vol. 56, no. 9, pp. 437–448, 2002.
7. M.E. Hansen, “Assessment of Technology Transfer Office Performance for Value Creation in Higher Education Institutions,” Journal of Business Economics and Management, vol. 33, no. 8, pp. 23–28, 1994.
8. Giedrė Lapinskienė et al., “Energy Consumption, Economic Growth and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the European Union Countries,” Journal of Business Economics and Management, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 1082-1097, 2017.
9. R.R. Kumar and Parthiban, “A Study of Subcontractor Management in India,” National Institute of Technology, Delhi, India, vol. 19, no. 8, pp. 228–237, 2001.
10. D.J. van der Zee and S. Beugelsdijk, “Overpricing Persistence in Experimental Asset Markets with Intrinsic Uncertainty,” CMPSCI Technical Report, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands, vol. 4, no. 9, pp. 65–73, 1992.
11. F.J. Roman, “The Market Orientation and Enterprises Collective Drain,” Std., vol. 38, no. 17, pp. 336–342, 2002.
12. L. Agustino, Fundamentals of Public Policy. Bandung: CV. Alfabeta, 2008.
13. F. Ali, Theory and Concept of Administration: From Paradigmatic Thinking to Redefinition. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada, 2011.
14. W.N. Dunn, Introduction to Public Policy Analysis. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press; Evaluation. Jakarta: PT Elex Media Komputindo, 2003. Google Scholar
15. F.S. Ngggao, Program Evaluation. Jakarta: Nyansa Mandiri, 2003.
16. M.S. Grindle, Politics and Policy Implementation in the Third World. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1980.
17. L.M.A.N. Madu, Managing Indonesia’s Borders in a Borderless World: Issues, Problems, and Policy Options. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu, 2010.
18. L.J. Meleong, Qualitative Research Methods. Bandung: Remaja Rosda Karya, 2006.
19. D.R. Nugroho, Public Policy: Formulation, Implementation, and Evaluation, 2003. Google Scholar
20. Santoso, Djohari.” Principles of Shipping Law.” Yogyakarta: UII Press. Administrative Law & Governance Journal, vol. 1, no. 3, 2004.
21. B. Simangunsong, The Sea, Indonesia's Future. Jakarta: Gematama, 2015.
22. S. Soekanto, Introduction to Legal Research. Jakarta: UII Press, 1986.
23. R.H. Soemitro, Legal Research Methodology. Jakarta: Ghalia Indonesia, 1990.
24. P. Subagyo, Research Methods. Jakarta: PT Rineka Cipta, 2006.
25. A.G. Subarsono, Public Policy Analysis: Concepts, Theories and Applications, 2006.
26. Sugiyono, Understanding Qualitative Research. Bandung: CV Alfabeta, 2007.
27. Sukardi, Competency Education Research Methodology and Its Practice. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara, 2003.
28. M. Sulaeman, Public Policy Implementation: Theory and Practice. Jakarta: State Administration Institute (LAN), 1998.
29. N. Usman, Contextualization of Teaching: Sowing Active Learning Methods in Learning. Jakarta: Ciputat Press, 2002.
30. D.S. Van Meter and C.E. Van Horn, “The Policy Implementation Process: A Conceptual Framework,” Administration & Society, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 445–488, 1975.
31. S.A. Wahab, Policy Analysis: From Formulation to Implementation of State Policy. Jakarta: PT Bumi Aksara, 2004.
32. B. Winarno, Public Policy: Theory and Process. Jakarta: Media Pressindo / Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2007.