Volume 2 Issue 3 | 2025 | View PDF
Paper Id:IJMSM-V2I3P107
doi: 10.71141/30485037/V2I3P107

The Relationship between Dietary Patterns and Physical Activity with Hypertension Incidence among the Elderly at Kiara Husada Clinic, Bandung

Neti Sitorus, Fahmi Fuadah, Silvia Alfiani

Citation:
Neti Sitorus, Fahmi Fuadah, Silvia Alfiani, "The Relationship between Dietary Patterns and Physical Activity with Hypertension Incidence among the Elderly at Kiara Husada Clinic, Bandung" International Journal of Multidisciplinary on Science and Management, Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 58-62, 2025.

Abstract:
Hypertension is one of the most common non-communicable diseases among the elderly and a major risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases. Lifestyle factors such as dietary patterns and physical activity play a crucial role in the occurrence of hypertension; however, related research remains limited in primary healthcare facilities. This study aims to analyze the relationship between dietary patterns and physical activity with the incidence of hypertension among elderly patients at Kiara Husada Clinic, Buah Batu, Bandung. This study employs a cross-sectional design with a total sample of 205 elderly individuals selected through the simple random sampling method. Data were collected using a validated and reliable questionnaire, and blood pressure measurements were conducted using a digital sphygmomanometer. Bivariate analysis was performed using the chi-square test to determine the relationship between the independent variables (dietary patterns and physical activity) and the dependent variable (incidence of hypertension). The results indicate that high salt consumption (p-value = 0.001), high-fat consumption (p-value = 0.002), and low intake of vegetables and fruits (p-value = 0.000) are significantly associated with the incidence of hypertension. Additionally, low physical activity is also significantly related to hypertension (p-value = 0.000). Unhealthy dietary patterns and insufficient physical activity increase the risk of hypertension in the elderly. Therefore, interventions such as education on healthy eating habits and promoting physical activity are necessary to reduce the risk of hypertension among the elderly.

Keywords: Hypertension, Dietary patterns, Physical activity, Elderly.

References:
1. D. Alvita, "The Relationship between Breakfast Habits and Blood Pressure in the Elderly," Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, pp. 112–117, vol. 6, no. 2, 2018.
2. D. Anggraini, and L. Nandini, "Increased Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Its Association with Hypertension Risk in the Elderly," Indonesian Journal of Nutrition, pp. 47–55, vol. 9, no. 1, 2021.
3. T. Handayani, E. Susanti, and Y. Lestari, "The Role of Physical Activity in Improving Lipid Profiles and Lowering Blood Pressure Among Older Adults," Indonesian Public Health Journal, pp. 91–98, vol. 18, no. 2, 2022.
4. A. Hartanto, "Changes in Kidney Function and Sodium Sensitivity in the Elderly," Journal of Nutrition and Health Sciences, pp. 39–47, vol. 12, no. 1, 2023.
5. Indonesian Ministry of Health, "Indonesia Health Profile 2020," Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta, 2021. Online: https://kemkes.go.id/eng/home
6. Indonesian Ministry of Health, "Physical Activity Guidelines for the Elderly," Directorate of Health Promotion and Community Empowerment, 2022. Online: https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/exercise/physical-activity-guidelines-older-adults/
7. Muhammad Nurman, and Annisa Suardi, "The Relationship between Physical Activity and Blood Pressure Among the Elderly," Journal of Nursing and Health, pp. 67–73, vol. 11, no. 1, 2020.
8. I. Mardianto, A. Fitriani, and T. Setiono, "Fat Intake and Its Association with Hypertension in Older Populations," Journal of Nutrition and Food, pp. 30–37, vol. 16, no. 1, 2021.
9. R. Payana, "Physical Activity and Its Effect on Blood Pressure Among the Elderly in Community Health Centers," Journal of Community Health, pp. 143–149, vol. 7, no. 3, 2021.
10. A. M. Putri, "Influence of Long-Term Dietary Habits on Hypertension Incidence in Older Adults," Journal of Nutrition and Health, pp. 89–96, vol. 10, no. 2, 2022.
11. A. Rhamdika, L. Nurlaela, and M. Sari, "Intensity of Physical Activity and Its Impact on Elderly Blood Pressure," Journal of Health Sciences, pp. 21–29, vol. 19, no. 1, 2021.
12. R. Santoso, "High Salt Consumption and Its Link to Hypertension among Urban Elderly Populations," Journal of Public Health Epidemiology, pp. 15–22, vol. 5, no. 1, 2023.
13. B. Setiawan, "Physical Activity and Blood Pressure in the Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study," Andalas Public Health Journal, pp. 22–29, vol. 15, no. 1, 2021.
14. R. Sistikawati, N. Hidayah, and R. Amelia, "Sodium Intake and Hypertension in Elderly Populations in Coastal Areas," National Journal of Public Health, pp. 105–112, vol. 16, no. 2, 2021.
15. H. Subkhi, R. Nurul, and A. Ardiansyah, "Fast Food Consumption and Its Relationship with Hypertension among the Elderly," Indonesian Journal of Clinical Nutrition, pp. 101–107, vol. 13, no. 3, 2016.
16. R. Surya, "Lifestyle Interventions for Geriatric Hypertension: A Review," International Journal of Public Health, pp. 88–96, vol. 12, no. 1, 2023.
17. H. Susilo, "The Relationship between Physical Activity, Vascular Elasticity, and Blood Pressure among Older Adults," Global Health Journal, pp. 54–61, vol. 7, no. 1, 2021.
18. I. Wahyu, "Obesity as a Risk Factor for Hypertension in the Elderly: A Case Study in a Nursing Home," Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, pp. 76–83, vol. 8, no. 2, 2022.
19. World Health Organization, "Guideline on Sodium Intake for Adults and Children," WHO, Geneva, 2021.